CDR-1367: SR Set: Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)

On June 30, 2015 a 'leap second' was added to make up the difference between International Atomic Time and Universal Time (or Astronomical Time). This event prompted us to explore the idea of time as it is represented visually in the Scholars Resource archive. The measurement of time began with the use of shadows cast by the sun as in sun dials or shadow clocks (among the earliest being ancient Egyptian obelisks). Over the centuries more elaborate instruments such as clocks, astrolabes, armillary spheres, etc. were developed particularly in pursuit of mapping celestial bodies for navigational purposes. The measurement of time remains an important element in navigation, be it for crossing the high seas in1492, navigating our quotidian life today, or traveling to the dwarf planet Pluto in the twenty-first century.



Ard-10875
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Title: Temple of Amun-Re; Area of Pylons III-VI
Creator(s): unknown
Description: Middle area, showing the fourth pylon and two obelisks
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-10876
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Title: Temple of Amun-Re; Area of Pylons III-VI
Creator(s): unknown
Description: Middle area, showing the fourth pylon (at right) and an obelisk
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-10865
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Title: Temple of Amun-Re; Area of Pylons III-VI
Creator(s): unknown
Description: View within the middle area, showing the standing red granite Hatshepsut Obelisk
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Jea-0172
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Title: Obelisk, from Temple of Ammon at Thebes, moved to Rome and erected for Sixtus V
Description: Overall view
Vendor: Saskia, Ltd.
Dva-9935
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Title: Obelisk of Thutmosis III now in Hippodrome Istanbul
Vendor: Davis Art Images
Ard-17321
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Title: Horologion
Creator(s): Andronikos of Kyrrhos
Description: Aerial view, from the Acropolis, depicting location at the east end of the Roman Agora
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-17326
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Title: Horologion
Creator(s): Andronikos of Kyrrhos
Description: Close view, from the southwest
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-17327
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Title: Horologion
Creator(s): Andronikos of Kyrrhos
Description: View from the south
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-17328
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Title: Horologion
Creator(s): Andronikos of Kyrrhos
Description: View from the southeast
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-17352
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Title: Horologion
Creator(s): Andronikos of Kyrrhos
Description: Side view of the upper sun dials
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-17353
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Title: Horologion
Creator(s): Andronikos of Kyrrhos
Description: Frontal view of the upper sun dials
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Kir-44434
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Title: Sundial
Description: General view
Vendor: Inter-American Institute/Dr. James Bartholomay Kiracofe
Kir-44433
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Title: Sundial base
Description: Close View of inscription
Vendor: Inter-American Institute/Dr. James Bartholomay Kiracofe
Met-08096
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Title: Wall painting fragment from the peristyle of the Villa of P. Fannius Synistor at Boscoreale
Description: Globe, also identified as a sundial; from the peristyle E
Vendor: The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Kir-9922
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Title: Tunis: Great Mosque, (Jamaa El-Zitouna)
Description: General view of courtyard with Sundial.
Vendor: Inter-American Institute/Dr. James Bartholomay Kiracofe
Kir-8991
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Title: Tunis: Great Mosque, (Jamaa El-Zitouna)
Description: Courtyard with sundial and access openings for cistern.
Vendor: Inter-American Institute/Dr. James Bartholomay Kiracofe
Kir-8996
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Title: Tunis: Great Mosque, (Jamaa El-Zitouna)
Description: General view of sundial.
Vendor: Inter-American Institute/Dr. James Bartholomay Kiracofe
Kir-8993
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Title: Tunis: Great Mosque, (Jamaa El-Zitouna)
Description: Detail: Sundial.
Vendor: Inter-American Institute/Dr. James Bartholomay Kiracofe
Cal-04570
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Title: Medieval Ireland: Kimalkedar Church
Description: E facade with holed stone with ogham inscription
Vendor: Canyonlights Photography
Cal-04589
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Title: Medieval Ireland: Kimalkedar Church
Description: Statues and stones in churchyard E of entrance, Mary, Crosses, Sundial
Vendor: Canyonlights Photography
Cal-04569
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Title: Medieval Ireland: Kimalkedar Church
Description: Sundial in churchyard
Vendor: Canyonlights Photography
Cal-04590
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Title: Medieval Ireland: Kimalkedar Church
Description: Detail, Sundial in churchyard
Vendor: Canyonlights Photography
Kir-46115
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Title: Chartres Cathedral
Description: Sculpture with sundial
Vendor: Inter-American Institute/Dr. James Bartholomay Kiracofe
SFr-0074
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Title: Sun dial and angel
Description: south tower; southwest corner
Vendor: Hartill Art Associates
Arc-0220
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Title: Santa Maria Novella
Creator(s): Leon Battista Alberti
Francesco Talenti
Giovanni Rucellai
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Arc-0257
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Title: Santa Maria Novella
Creator(s): Leon Battista Alberti
Francesco Talenti
Giovanni Rucellai
Description: Sundial on the left façade.
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-11988
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Title: Mosque of Suleyman Pasha al-Khadim
Creator(s): unknown
Description: General view, looking northwest, showing the entry and minaret
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-11993
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Title: Mosque of Suleyman Pasha al-Khadim
Creator(s): unknown
Description: View of the Fatimid shrine in the sahn (originally erected 1140; rebuilt)
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-11996
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Title: Mosque of Suleyman Pasha al-Khadim
Creator(s): unknown
Description: View of the Fatimid shrine in the sahn (court), depicting the sundial
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Kir-10300
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Title: Zaouia Sidi bel Abbes
Description: Close view of sundial in courtyard.
Vendor: Inter-American Institute/Dr. James Bartholomay Kiracofe
Kir-5501
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Title: Sundial
Description: Total view.
Vendor: Inter-American Institute/Dr. James Bartholomay Kiracofe
Ard-17471
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Title: Villa Barbaro
Creator(s): Andrea Palladio
Paolo Veronese
Description: Context view, on the main axis, from south depicting entry gate
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-17530
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Title: Villa Barbaro
Creator(s): Andrea Palladio
Paolo Veronese
Description: Lateral farm wings, dovecote, side view
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-17543
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Title: Villa Barbaro
Creator(s): Andrea Palladio
Paolo Veronese
Description: Lateral farm wings, dovecote, close view of sun dial
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-17545
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Title: Villa Barbaro
Creator(s): Andrea Palladio
Paolo Veronese
Description: Lateral farm wings, dovecote, close side view
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-28160
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Title: Brasenose College
Creator(s): Thomas Graham Jackson
Description: The Old Quadrangle, north elevation, side view
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-28161
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Title: Brasenose College
Creator(s): Thomas Graham Jackson
Description: The Old Quadrangle, north elevation, frontal view, depicting three dormers and sundial
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-35641
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Title: Invalides: Hôtel des Invalides
Creator(s): Libéral Bruand
Jules Hardouin Mansart
Description: Court, view looking north
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-35642
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Title: Invalides: Hôtel des Invalides
Creator(s): Libéral Bruand
Jules Hardouin Mansart
Description: Court, north entry portico
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.
Ard-35650
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Title: Invalides: Hôtel des Invalides
Creator(s): Libéral Bruand
Jules Hardouin Mansart
Description: Court, view of the west lateral pediment. The declination lines of the dual sundials end with signs of the Zodiac.
Vendor: Archivision, Inc.